India's Solar Boom
India’s Solar Triumph India’s solar energy sector has seen explosive growth. In 2024–25 India generated about 108,494 GWh of solar power – surpassing Japan’s 96,459 GWh – and rose to become the world’s third-largest solar electricity producer. By mid-2025, India’s cumulative solar capacity reached roughly 119 GW, making renewables over half of its total power base. This expansion was driven by falling technology costs and strong policy support. The government has set a 2030 goal of 500 GW of non-fossil power (roughly 250–300 GW from solar), reflecting India’s pledge under the Paris Agreement. Policy Commitments and Targets India’s climate plans hinge on continuing this momentum. The 2030 target implies adding about 30 GW of solar per year, but in recent years additions have been closer to 15–25 GW annually. To bridge this gap, the government has launched major programs. The Pradhan Mantri Surya Ghar scheme (free rooftop panels for 10 million homes) and PM-KUSUM (solar-powered farm pump...